Assessing Coastal Land-Use and Land-Cover Change Dynamics Using Geospatial Techniques

Geospatial techniques can be used to assess the dynamic conditions of coastal land use and cover in order make informed decisions about future management strategies for sustainable development through a combination remote sensing data with field observations shoreline characteristics along coastlines worldwide. offer an invaluable method analyzing complex systems at multiple scales. The from Subarnarekha (Orissa) Rasulpur estuaries (West Bengal) Bay Bengal are dynamically modified by interaction between sea. This is due various dominating factors physical anthropogenic activities, which cause changes landscape. main objective this study was identify periodical transformation land-use/land-cover (LULC) features USGS-LULC classification using maximum-likelihood classifier (MLC) algorithm satellite images period 1975–2018. entire area divided into three ‘littoral zones’ (LZs). will help understanding how LULC has changed over time, as well providing insight human activities impacting on environments. focused five selected classification, namely, built-up, vegetation, soil, sand shallow-water areas. purpose investigate encroachment near shore areas soil built-up 43-year 1975 2018 geospatial techniques. To estimate areas, geodatabase prepared each feature. Finally, statistical analysis performed all available datasets, allowed researchers trends land-cover change 1975–2018 within category, such increasing deforestation urbanization rates increased population growth. results show expansion one major influencing erosion. Maximum shallow-water-level enhancement observed LZ I II. In I, shallow water 1 km2 4.55 km2. II, initial 1.7 13.56 km2, meaning increase 11.86 zones. A positive noticed vegetation area, 2.82% (4.13 km2) 15.46% (22.07 km2). Accuracy assessment applied classified images, more than 85% accuracy considered overall assessment. Kappa coefficient statistics were adopted complete analysis, 80% or obtained images. information also inform policy makers potential environmental impacts associated certain agricultural expansion, so that appropriate steps taken towards mitigating these before it too late.